Carbon steel is mostly produced using oxygen converters and flat furnaces, while high-quality carbon steel is also produced using electric arc furnaces. According to the degree of deoxidation in the steelmaking process, carbon steel can be divided into killed steel, boiling steel, and semi killed steel in between. The influence of smelting methods on the properties of steel is mainly determined by the purity of the steel. People can obtain higher purity steel through vacuum treatment, refining outside the furnace, and blowing technology, which significantly improves the quality of carbon steel.
The plastic processing technology of carbon steel is usually divided into hot processing and cold processing. After hot processing, defects such as small bubbles and looseness in the steel ingot are welded together, making the structure of the steel dense. Meanwhile, hot processing can damage the as cast microstructure and refine the grain size. Make forged and rolled steel have better mechanical properties than cast state. As the degree of cold plastic deformation increases, the strength and hardness of steel processed by cold processing increase, while the plasticity and toughness decrease. To improve the yield rate, continuous steel casting technology is widely used.
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